如何寫(xiě)好一篇英語(yǔ)論文

　　You need some help? Some people say essays are tricky. Here are some helpful hints to make them less difficult.你需要幫助嗎？有人說(shuō)，論文很難寫(xiě)。這里有一些有用的提示，可幫助你克服寫(xiě)作中的困難。

　　1. Take your prompt and pick it apart! Understand exactly what it is asking you to do. If it says evaluate, then you conclude, if it says to compare or contrast then do that. Take notes!1. 抓住主題，深刻領(lǐng)會(huì)！準(zhǔn)確理解它要求你做什么。如果說(shuō)是寫(xiě)評(píng)價(jià)，那么你就得出結(jié)論，如果說(shuō)是比較或?qū)Ρ龋�那么就照此去做。�?wù)必要作好筆記！

　　2. Look over whatever the prompt addresses and begin to pick that apart based on what your prompt is asking for, and do not discriminate yet, take all of it. Take notes on ideas for the prompt, and mark pages in any literature you may be using.2. 認(rèn)真審核主題到底要說(shuō)明什么，然后根據(jù)你的主題要求開(kāi)始提煉選材，但選材不拘一格，多多益善。為主題觀點(diǎn)做好筆記，并標(biāo)記出你可能使用的任何文獻(xiàn)的章頁(yè)。

　　3. Look at the prompt and the information you've gathered and begin to group ideas together so you can create a working thesis. The working thesis will give your essay a focus so you don't digress in the middle of your writing.3. 根據(jù)主題和你收集的信息，開(kāi)始將觀點(diǎn)組合在一起，這樣你就可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)寫(xiě)作大綱。寫(xiě)作大綱將突出你的重點(diǎn)，以便你在寫(xiě)作中不會(huì)偏離主題。

　　4. Continue your brain-storming and write the topic sentence for your first body paragraph. Make sure it provides a focus for your paragraph and it isn't general. Find examples from life (direct quotes, paraphrasing, etc.) or from the topic literature that you can use in your first body paragraph. Make sure it follows your working thesis, but don't actually write the paragraph yet.4. 開(kāi)動(dòng)腦筋精益求精，寫(xiě)出第一個(gè)主體段的總起句。確保它成為你第一個(gè)主體段的重點(diǎn)，而不是泛泛而論。從生活中（直接引用，轉(zhuǎn)述等）或同一主題文獻(xiàn)中找到可以用在你第一個(gè)主體段的的范例。確保它與你的寫(xiě)作大綱一致，但先不要正式寫(xiě)這個(gè)段落。

　　5. Do the same for the other body paragraphs.5. 依次處理其他主體段落。

　　6. Write your concluding statements for each paragraph. Please note that it is a CONCLUDING statement, meaning you need to bluntly say what point you are trying to make and lead it into your next body paragraph.6. 寫(xiě)出每個(gè)段落的總結(jié)性語(yǔ)句。請(qǐng)注意，這是總結(jié)語(yǔ)句，也就是說(shuō)你要直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō)明你想闡述的觀點(diǎn)，并將其引入下一個(gè)主體段。

　　7. Brain-storm for your introductory paragraph. Start by either addressing a theme or a topic you've researched that is relevant to your essay. Now look at your working thesis. What parts of it look like a summary? Take those out and put them into your intro. Look at your working thesis again. You need a fact or some sort of event which is relevant to your topic, to put into that thesis. Paraphrase it, and add in whatever point you are trying to make to it.7. 仔細(xì)斟酌你的引言段落。開(kāi)始可先確定一個(gè)與論文相關(guān)的研究主題或標(biāo)題�，F(xiàn)在看看你的寫(xiě)作大綱。它的哪些部分看起來(lái)像總結(jié)？把這些部分提出放入你的引言。再看你的寫(xiě)作大綱。你需要找到與你主題相關(guān)需加入論文的某個(gè)事實(shí)或事件。加以解述，并添加你想證明的觀點(diǎn)。

　　8. Read whatever notes you took for your body paragraphs and look at your thesis for your concluding paragraph. You need to reiterate all the points you make in your body paragraph and relate them briefly to your thesis to show how they are all connected.8. 讀一讀你為主體段落所做的筆記，并審看一下你總結(jié)性段落的主旨。你需要重申在你在主體段中提出的所有觀點(diǎn)，將其與你的論文簡(jiǎn)潔聯(lián)系起來(lái)，以說(shuō)明它們之間是何種關(guān)系。

　　9. Write. This is the easiest part after you've outlined it all already.9. 寫(xiě)下來(lái)。當(dāng)你列出所有這些主線，寫(xiě)作就是輕而易舉的事情。

　　10. Look for grammatical mistakes. Look it over today, and see if you can pick anything out that is really obvious.10. 尋找語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。當(dāng)天過(guò)一遍目，看看你是否能挑出什么特別明顯的錯(cuò)誤。

　　11. Look at your essay once again on the next day and fix it. Redact it. Make sure it is grammatically perfect. Read it out loud to see if anything sounds awkward, and fix it.11. 第二天再看一遍論文，并作修改。校訂論文。確保它在語(yǔ)法上無(wú)懈可擊。大聲地朗讀，看看有沒(méi)有什么聽(tīng)起來(lái)格外別扭的地方，并加以修改。

　　tips:提示：

　　Make sure your writing is logical. Don't just throw ideas together and hope they make sense.確保你的寫(xiě)作合乎邏輯。不能只是將觀點(diǎn)羅列在一起，指望他們自行說(shuō)明意義。

　　Don't worry too much about grammatical mistakes, or synonyms for words you have just used in the sentence before. Just underline or highlight it and then go over it in your second draft. The important thing is to get it all down in the first place.不必過(guò)于擔(dān)心語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，或擔(dān)心你剛用在前句中的同義詞。只要用下劃線或高亮將其突出顯示出來(lái)，然后在第二稿中仔細(xì)推敲。最重要的是先把寫(xiě)作完成。

　　If you don't need the internet, disconnect! Nothing is more distracting than the internet when you're typing up your essay and are feeling extremely bored.如果你不需要互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，那就斷開(kāi)！當(dāng)你正在鍵入文章并倍感無(wú)聊時(shí)，沒(méi)有什么比互聯(lián)網(wǎng)更讓人分心的啦。

　　Have a thesaurus and a dictionary handy at all times, especially if you have the habit of using words whose meanings you are not completely sure of.手頭要始終有一個(gè)同義詞詞典和一本字典，尤其是如果你習(xí)慣于使用你不能完全確定含義的字詞。

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