醫(yī)學研究論文寫作基本原則
醫(yī)學論文是醫(yī)者對臨床醫(yī)學的一種總結,它的目的在于清晰的展現(xiàn)醫(yī)學經(jīng)驗知識,并非文學抒情作品,越延綿越好,高效、清晰、簡潔是醫(yī)學論文的關鍵特征,以下是小編搜集整理的醫(yī)學研究論文寫作基本原則,供大家閱讀參考。
醫(yī)學研究論文寫作基本原則:
謹慎地使用詞匯,不使用不必要的詞語。
從讀者的角度出發(fā)來寫,不浪費讀者任何時間。
盡量使用短句、陳述句,一個簡單的原則是每句話不超過22個單詞。
“英文句子簡單而直接,則最清晰、有力、易于理解。”——Mimi Zeiger, Essentials of Writing Biomedical Research Papers, 2d edition。
避免冗雜和重復
勿在結果部分的數(shù)據(jù)中逐字重復以表格或圖形呈現(xiàn)的結果。
例如:
表1:Patients’ biographical data (age, sex, weight, and BMI) are given.
結果:這些數(shù)據(jù)(age, sex, weight, and BMI)被再次提及時,僅僅寫成“Patients’ biographical data are presented in Table 1.”就已經(jīng)足夠了。再例如寫成“The two populations did not differ in these criteria.”也是可以的。
勿在討論部分逐字重復結果部分給出的結果。
例如:
結果部分:“The median follow-up time from surgery was (33.3±14.0) months in the elderly group and (33.0±12.7) months in the nonelderly group (P=0.266).”
討論部分:相較于這樣寫:“We found that the median follow-up time from surgery was (33.3±14.0) months in the elderly group and (33.0±12.7) months in the nonelderly group (P=0.266).”可以更好地表述為:“We found that mean follow-up time from surgery was nearly identical (about 33 months) in the two study groups.”
勿在討論部分重復在引言部分中給出的背景信息。
引言部分:“Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality, with a five-year survival rate below 5%.”
討論部分:“Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. Its five-year survival rate is below 5%.”討論中應該刪除這兩個重復的句子。
不必要的詞,例如:
“It is well known that diabetes affects millions of people.”
如果是眾所周知的事情就沒有必要再加以說明。所以,這樣寫就足夠了:“Diabetes affects millions of people”.
“Similar results have been reported previously in the literature.”
“Reported”指的就是過去,所以“reported previously”就是多余的. “In the literature”也是不必要的,因為這也是隱含的意思?梢愿玫乇硎鰹: “Similar results have been reported (文獻).”
“It has been reported by others.” “By others”是不必要的。這樣表述就足夠了: “It has been reported (文獻)”.
“Upon review of the literature we found that diabetic neuropathy has been described often.” “Upon review or the literature” 是不必要的'?梢愿玫乇硎鰹: “Diabetic neuropathy has been described often (文獻).”
“When comparing x with y we found that x was bigger than y.
“Comparing x with y”是不必要的。表述為“We found that x was bigger than y”就足夠了.
“There is” 和 “there are” 是較弱的表達。例如: “There are many investigators who disagree with this opinion.” 可以更好地表述為: “Many investigators disagree with this opinion.”
尺寸、顏色和形狀通常表述是多余的。例如:
“Blue in color.” 使用“Blue” 就足夠了。
“Large in size.” 使用“Large” 就足夠了。
“Oval in shape.” 使用“Oval” 就足夠了。
“The lesion was successfully excised.” 一個病灶是無法切除失敗的。這樣表述是正確的:“The lesion was excised.”
盡量使用動詞而非名詞。“The surgeons made the decision to operate.” 可以更好地表述為: “The surgeons decided to operate.”
避免詳盡地回顧文獻和相關參考資料。原始的研究論文并非是回顧性的文章。限制文獻的數(shù)目,只引用那些與現(xiàn)在研究相關的文獻。
花時間檢查你的工作。大聲讀出來,或者最好,擱置幾天或幾周之后再重讀它。你會驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)了許多不必要的單詞或者句子。
“如果我有更多的時間,我寧愿寫一封更短的信。”此句一般認為出自于溫斯頓•丘吉爾。這句話說明簡潔的重要性,對于醫(yī)學研究論文來說,只有高效的把醫(yī)學論文知識經(jīng)驗表達出來才是最關鍵的。
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