談言語交際中的非語言手段

摘  要：人類交流時使用的交際手段可分為語言和非語言兩類。非語言手段是指人類在交際過程中，除了語言行為以外的所有的交際手段。包括眼神、微笑、手勢、姿勢、動作、咳嗽、嘆息、唱歌、沉默、衣著、物品等等。凡在交際中能傳達(dá)信息，實現(xiàn)人際溝通的，除語言以外的各種交際手段都屬于非語言手段。本文將著重探討非語言手段的4大類：體態(tài)、行為、非語言聲音、伴隨物。非語言手段在言語交際中主要起1個輔助作用，使得信息傳遞更加準(zhǔn)確、迅速。特別是在某種言語交流無法實現(xiàn)或不便實現(xiàn)的情況下，非語言手段更是發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用，甚至能夠代替有聲語言獨自進(jìn)行信息交流、情感溝通。

關(guān)鍵詞：非語言手段  體態(tài)  行為  非語言聲音  伴隨物
 

Abstract: The communation means that the mankind uses while exchanging can be divided into a language and not two kinds of languages. It is not the means of the language that means the mankind is in the course of communication, all communation means besides behavior of the language. Including expression in ones eyes , smiling , gesture , posture , movement , coughing , sighing , singing , silence , wearing clothes , article ,etc.. All can transmit information in communication, realize interpersonal communication, various kinds of communation means besides language are not means of the language. This text will probe into four big classes that will not be a means of a language emphatically: Figure, behavior, language voice, follow thing. It is language means that play one auxiliary function mainly among the communication in speech, make the information transmission further more accurate, rapidly. Especially exchange under the unable realizing or inconvenient situation that realizes in a certain speech, only if the means of the language has played an essential role especially, even can replace the sound language and carry on the information interchange , emotion and communicate alone .

Key Words: It is not a means of the language  the figure
the behavior  it is not a sound of the language  follow things

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