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目標(biāo)規(guī)劃及其在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的應(yīng)用
摘 要
目標(biāo)規(guī)劃是1種解決經(jīng)濟(jì)管理而產(chǎn)生的數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃方法，在許多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,特別是在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域方面。本文介紹目標(biāo)規(guī)劃的產(chǎn)生，發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀，論述了對(duì)線性目標(biāo)規(guī)劃和非線性目標(biāo)規(guī)劃的具體模型和求解方法。本文主要通過(guò)建立兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的實(shí)例來(lái)建立模型，這兩個(gè)實(shí)例分別是分配問(wèn)題（線性）和按地區(qū)按行業(yè)控制外資規(guī)模（非線性）的問(wèn)題。在求解非線性目標(biāo)規(guī)劃應(yīng)用實(shí)例即“按地區(qū)按行業(yè)控制外資規(guī)模”的問(wèn)題時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)原作者在計(jì)算結(jié)果上值得商榷，于是在文中特別指出并作了修改。引言部分主要介紹了目標(biāo)規(guī)劃的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀的基本概況以及這篇論文的主要特點(diǎn)。正文主要分成4個(gè)部分。第1部分介紹目標(biāo)規(guī)劃的概念和基本模型以及模型建立的步驟。第2部分介紹了目標(biāo)規(guī)劃的基本算法，是分兩個(gè)小節(jié)來(lái)介紹的，分別是線性目標(biāo)規(guī)劃算法和非線性目標(biāo)規(guī)劃算法等。第3部分是介紹目標(biāo)規(guī)劃在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的應(yīng)用實(shí)例，其中第2個(gè)例子是討論的重點(diǎn)。最后是結(jié)論部分，總結(jié)了這次論文的主要使用的基本工具和基本成果等，還有這次論文的不足之處。
關(guān)鍵詞:目標(biāo)規(guī)劃；偏差變量；約束；算法
Abstract
The goal programming is a kind of Operation Research (OR) for solution economic management problem, which has extensive application in many realms, especially in the aspects of economic realm. This paper will introduce the creation, development and the present condition of the goal programming. I will introduce the concrete model and solution method of the goal programming in two aspects, it’s that the linear goal programming and the non-linear goal programming. This paper will set up tow models at the two aspects of goal programming, (linear programming and non-linear programming) and the two examples are about distribution (linear) and controlling scale of foreign capital in the light of regions and professions (non-linear). While solving the non-linear goal programming example ,I found there was mistake in original author’s solving. So I pointed out where the mistake was and had corrected it .
I have introduced the general situation of the creation, development and the present condition of the goal programming and the major characteristic in this paper. The first part is about the concept and the basic model of goal programming and how to set up. The second part is the basic algorithm of goal programming, which was introduced in two brief summaries of linear goal programming, non-linear goal programming.The third part has introduced applied concretes of goal programming in the economy and the second brief summary is the focal point. The last part is conclusion of this paper; I have summarized the basic tools and achievement of this paper. I put the course of solving example 5 and example 6 and computer source programming in the appendix for the whole thesis having compact structure.
Key words:goal programming;deviations of variable;restrain; algorithm
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