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公交車(chē)調(diào)度問(wèn)題的數(shù)學(xué)模型
公交車(chē)調(diào)度問(wèn)題的數(shù)學(xué)模型
摘要
本文解決的是某大城市1條公交線路上公交車(chē)的調(diào)度問(wèn)題.目的是用盡可能少的車(chē)來(lái)運(yùn)送乘客，同時(shí)不能讓乘客等待時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)，也不能超載．通過(guò)分析知，1個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)內(nèi)需要的車(chē)只與該時(shí)區(qū)內(nèi)車(chē)站的最大轉(zhuǎn)移客流量有關(guān)，首先是對(duì)該公交線路上所統(tǒng)計(jì)的上車(chē)、下車(chē)等數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行1系列變換處理，求出每個(gè)時(shí)段發(fā)的車(chē)的最大轉(zhuǎn)移客流量，得到1個(gè)新的表格．其次是根據(jù)最大轉(zhuǎn)移客流量，用線性規(guī)劃的方法求出這個(gè)模型需要發(fā)車(chē)次數(shù)的最小值，然后綜合考慮乘客的等待時(shí)間等給出各個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)的發(fā)車(chē)次數(shù)，確定全天發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)間表，由發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)間表，求出的最少車(chē)輛數(shù)．最后對(duì)這個(gè)解進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)，說(shuō)明本模型的特點(diǎn)，并指出了進(jìn)1步優(yōu)化改進(jìn)的方向．
關(guān)鍵詞：公交調(diào)度，時(shí)區(qū)，算法
A Mathematical Model of Bus Scheduling
ABSTRACT
The scheduling problem of a public transporting ling in a city is studied. Its purpose is to transport passengers using fewest buses without overload, and not to let the passengers waiting for long at the same time. Through analysis, the bus starting form the station in a time zone has relation to the maximum shift capacity of passengers, so the data of the passengers get on and off in each station is processed, and the maximum shift capacity of passengers in a time zone is worked out and the form is obtained. Then the minimum times of starting bus in this model is calculated by linear programming according to the maximum shift capacity of passengers. Plus the condition of the waiting time of passengers the times of starting bus in a time zone is worked out, and then the minimum buses is determined by the bus scheduling form. At the end of the article the result is evaluated, and the characteristics of this model is introduced, and the direction of further Optimization is pointed out.
Key words：bus scheduling; time zone; algorithm
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