論翻譯的功能對(duì)等和形式對(duì)等

畢業(yè)論文

On Functional Equivalence and Structural Equivalence in Translation

Abstract
    
Christiane Nords functionalism，Peter Newmarks opinions about equivalent effect in translation and Guo Zhuzhang’s eight translation methods  which can be used to produce functional equivalence are introduced in this thesis, and the author discusses the relationship between functional equivalence and structural equivalence. The origin and history of functionalism are also introduced, and structural equivalence (grammatical equivalence, stylistic structure equivalence and culture structure equivalence) is discussed systematically in this thesis. The author points out that functional equivalence is the "standard" of translation. A lot of examples are given to prove the conclusion—sometimes the structural equivalence can be made to perfect the functional equivalence, especially in poetry , rhetoric and some special contexts. The author of this thesis wants to prove that translators must take both content and structure into consideration. Grammatical equivalence, stylistic structure equivalence and cultural structure equivalence should be kept if necessary.

Key Words: functional equivalence; structural equivalence; functionalism; equivalent effect

摘 要

本文總結(jié)了國(guó)內(nèi)外功能翻譯對(duì)等理論的研究成果，其中包括克里斯汀娜•諾得（Christiane Nord）為代表的現(xiàn)代的功能翻譯理論、皮特•紐馬克（Peter Newmark）的翻譯的對(duì)等影響（equivalent effect in translation）觀點(diǎn)以及郭著章關(guān)于保持翻譯功能對(duì)等的8種翻譯方法。并對(duì)翻譯的形式對(duì)等進(jìn)行分類：語法對(duì)等、文體對(duì)等和文化結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)等。文中討論了翻譯中功能對(duì)等和形式對(duì)等兩者之間的關(guān)系。作者認(rèn)為，功能對(duì)等是翻譯的“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，任何翻譯都要盡可能達(dá)到功能對(duì)等。本文通過對(duì)功能主義的起源、發(fā)展和代表人物的理論的.歸納總結(jié)、對(duì)形式對(duì)等的系統(tǒng)化討論、以及對(duì)大量典型翻譯句段的分析，得出結(jié)論---在很多情況下，1定范圍內(nèi)的形式對(duì)等能使翻譯的功能對(duì)等更加完善。適當(dāng)追求形式對(duì)等并不會(huì)對(duì)翻譯的功能對(duì)等的實(shí)現(xiàn)造成障礙，反而對(duì)其有所助益。功能對(duì)等的實(shí)現(xiàn)，是形式對(duì)等和意義對(duì)等的完美結(jié)合體。在翻譯時(shí)，不僅要考慮到意義的對(duì)等，在語法、文體和文化結(jié)構(gòu)上，也應(yīng)作周全的考慮。

關(guān)鍵詞：功能對(duì)等、形式對(duì)等、功能翻譯理論、對(duì)等影響

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