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論新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)及其翻譯
畢業(yè)論文
On Characteristics of News English Lead and Its Translation
Abstract
News lead refers to the beginning paragraph of a news report, delivering the essential information of the reported event and telling the receptors what to expect. This thesis begins with a detailed stylistic analysis of it on lexical, grammatical and syntactic levels. As a practical style, news report is not a natural phenomenon but a social product, which emphasizes social benefit—the reader’s effect. Eugene A. Nida’s famous “Functional Equivalence” theory, which shifts its focal point from the text to the reader and emphasizes the text-reader relationship, is much suitable for the translation of News English lead. This thesis tries to establish proper translation criteria of news English leads in the light of “F-E” theory: first, faithfulness and completeness; second, complete intelligibility on the part of the readership; third, harmony with the style of Chinese news leads. Furthermore, as content-packed simple sentence is required in news lead, the translation is in fact how to deal with long sentence. However, specific methods concerned vary with the different types of news English leads. The frequently used method is the division of the sentence and then reconstructing the lead by following three methods: to translate with the original order; to translate with an order opposite to the original; to translate with completely different order which has no relation to the original order. The previous study on translation of News English lead emphasizes on the techniques, but the translation theories concerned are seldom mentioned. This thesis aims to make a combination of “F-E” theory with practice for developing the effective ways of translation of news English leads and try to accurately transfer the message and keep the style of the original.
Key Words: news English lead; concision; exactness; functional equivalence
摘 要
本文從詞語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)法，句式3個(gè)層面分析了新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的文體特點(diǎn)，旨在歸納探索出新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與方法。首先簡(jiǎn)要介紹了新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，類(lèi)型及其重要性。新聞導(dǎo)語(yǔ)是以簡(jiǎn)練而生動(dòng)的文字表述新聞事件中的最重要內(nèi)容，并且能吸引讀者往下讀的開(kāi)頭部分。因此，新聞導(dǎo)語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)明扼要，內(nèi)容充實(shí)，引人入勝。其次，以尤金•奈達(dá)著名的“功能對(duì)等”翻譯理論為指導(dǎo)，探索總結(jié)出新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與方法。就新聞導(dǎo)語(yǔ)翻譯而言，表達(dá)的首要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是準(zhǔn)確完整，其次是達(dá)意，最后1條則是應(yīng)該符合漢語(yǔ)新聞的風(fēng)格，因?yàn)樽x者畢竟大多是中國(guó)人。翻譯理論家奈達(dá)強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)義和風(fēng)格兩方面爭(zhēng)取“最貼近”和“最自然”的對(duì)等原則，因此,在翻譯過(guò)程中，譯者不可能只采用1種翻譯方法。翻譯新聞導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的具體方法有很多，最常用的方法是拆句法——即先按意群將較長(zhǎng)的整句拆分成兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的短句以符合漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣,然后根據(jù)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的不同形式,選用順譯法、逆譯法、拆譯法重組句子。對(duì)于新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)漢譯的研究，前人較多注重技巧方面而較少提及與之相關(guān)的翻譯理論，本文試圖將奈達(dá)的“功能對(duì)等”翻譯理論與新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)翻譯實(shí)踐相結(jié)合，以探討新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)翻譯的有效途徑。要達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)原文信息功能的效果，譯者應(yīng)盡量做到既能從英漢差異出發(fā)，處理好英漢句子在結(jié)構(gòu)形式上的問(wèn)題，又不忽略原文的文體特征。
關(guān)鍵詞：新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)、簡(jiǎn)明扼要、準(zhǔn)確、功能對(duì)等
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