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基于虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)的景物仿真
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基于虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)的景物仿真
摘要:虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)(Virtual Reality,簡(jiǎn)稱VR),是1種基于可計(jì)算信息的沉浸式交互環(huán)境。具體地說(shuō),就是采用以計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)為核心的現(xiàn)代高科技生成逼真的視、聽、觸覺1體化的特定范圍的虛擬環(huán)境,用戶借助必要的設(shè)備以自然的方式與虛擬環(huán)境中的對(duì)象進(jìn)行交互作用、相互影響,從而產(chǎn)生親臨等同真實(shí)環(huán)境的感受和體驗(yàn)。
本設(shè)計(jì)是1個(gè)基于VRML(虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)建模語(yǔ)言)的虛擬校園系統(tǒng),它要求實(shí)現(xiàn)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)中基本的場(chǎng)景建立和在場(chǎng)景中漫游,本程序建立場(chǎng)景所需的建筑物均在3DS MAX中建立,然后以VRML97的格式導(dǎo)出并保存為.wrl文件,這樣在VrmlPad編輯器中可以打開這些文件了。然后在VRML編輯環(huán)境下,通過(guò)添加材質(zhì)、紋理、傳感器、聲音、動(dòng)畫等來(lái)完善該虛擬校園系統(tǒng),并通過(guò)內(nèi)聯(lián)(Inline)、錨點(diǎn)(Anchor)造型節(jié)點(diǎn)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)室外與室內(nèi)的鏈接和切換。最后在VRML瀏覽器中通過(guò)鍵盤和鼠標(biāo)的移動(dòng)來(lái)漫游觀看該虛擬系統(tǒng)。為了使場(chǎng)景漫游更真實(shí),還須在場(chǎng)景圖中設(shè)置碰撞節(jié)點(diǎn),從而防止觀察者從場(chǎng)景中的物體(如教學(xué)樓)中穿過(guò)或進(jìn)入不可見的視角觀察。
關(guān)鍵字:虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí);VRML;漫游;場(chǎng)景;碰撞檢測(cè)。
Scenery Simulation base on Virtual Reality Technology
Abstract: Virtual Reality(VR), It is a immersing type base on the communication that could be calculate. Concretely to say, adopt taking technology of the computer as the core modern Hi-Tech turn into lifelike look ,listen,sense of touch integrated specific fictitious environment of range, users carry on the reciprocation , influence each other with the target in the fictitious environment by way of nature through the essential equipment, thus produced and came personally the feeling and experience of the true environment equally.
It is a system of virtual reality school based on VRML technology,and it demands realizing that the basic scene is set up and one can roam in the scene of virtual reality, This procedure sets up buildings of the scene in 3DS MAX then exports and saves them in the format of .wrl files. Under the environment of VrmlPad, we can open these files and perfect the scenes by adding material,texture,sensors,sounds and interpolators.By the node of inline,anchor,we can realize linking or transfering between different scenes.In the end,we can roam the virtual reality system through the movement of the keyboard and mouse in the VRML explorer.In order to approach Reality,a node of collision must be set up to prevent observer from wear or enter impossible visual angle which can’t be observed from object of scene.
Keywords: Virtual Reality;VRML;roaming;scene;Collision detecting.
目錄
前言 1
1 虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)介紹 2
1.1 虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的定義 2
1.2 虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展歷史 2
1.3 虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用 3
1.4虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展方向 4
2 系統(tǒng)開發(fā)環(huán)境介紹 5
2.1 VRML概述 5
2.2 VRML工作原理 5
2.3 VRML的執(zhí)行模式 6
2.4 VRML制作工具VRMLPAD介紹 7
2.5 VRML瀏覽器介紹 8
2.6 3DSMAX介紹 9
3 系統(tǒng)需求分析 10
3.1 現(xiàn)狀分析 10
3.2漫游系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) 10
3.3 3維顯示技術(shù)的選擇 10
4 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 12
4.1 概要設(shè)計(jì) 12
4.2 詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì) 13
4.2.1 室外場(chǎng)景制作 13
4.2.2 室內(nèi)場(chǎng)景制作 17
4.2.3 各個(gè)場(chǎng)景造型的鏈接 24
4.3 VRML中的碰撞檢測(cè) 25
4.4 對(duì)于虛擬仿真場(chǎng)景的優(yōu)化 26
4.5 虛擬場(chǎng)景的漫游 27
結(jié)束語(yǔ) 31
參考文獻(xiàn) 32
致謝 33
注:不包括源代碼.
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