操作系統(tǒng)課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告模擬進(jìn)程調(diào)度程序(一)

時(shí)間：2023-03-07 11:02:49 計(jì)算機(jī)畢業(yè)論文我要投稿

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此設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告是對(duì)操作系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)程調(diào)度的兩種算法，即靜態(tài)優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度算法和需要時(shí)間片的轉(zhuǎn)法進(jìn)行了描述，并分析了它們的工作機(jī)理。
最高優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度算法的基本思想是把CPU分配給就緒隊(duì)列中優(yōu)先權(quán)最高的進(jìn)程。靜態(tài)優(yōu)先數(shù)是在創(chuàng)建進(jìn)程時(shí)確定的，并在整個(gè)進(jìn)程運(yùn)行期間不再改變。
簡(jiǎn)單輪轉(zhuǎn)法的基本思想是：所有就緒進(jìn)程按 FCFS排成一個(gè)隊(duì)列，總是把處理機(jī)分配給隊(duì)首的進(jìn)程，各進(jìn)程占用CPU的時(shí)間片相同。如果運(yùn)行進(jìn)程用完它的時(shí)間片后還未完成，就把它送回到就緒隊(duì)列的末尾，把處理機(jī)重新分配給隊(duì)首的進(jìn)程，直至所有的進(jìn)程運(yùn)行完畢。
然后用具體語言模擬了一個(gè)進(jìn)程調(diào)度的程序。用戶可以自己輸入產(chǎn)生進(jìn)程，然后選擇調(diào)度方式進(jìn)行調(diào)度。所用的語言為VisualBasic.Net，結(jié)果顯示了調(diào)度運(yùn)行過程。

操作系統(tǒng)課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告模擬進(jìn)程調(diào)度程序(一)

問題描述和分析 ………………………………………………   4
算法設(shè)計(jì)   ……………………………………………………   5
源代碼及說明 …………………………………………………   5
結(jié)果與分析 ………………………………………………………17
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………   18

一、問題描述和分析
問題描述
CPU調(diào)度是多道程序操作系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)，幾乎所有計(jì)算機(jī)資源在使用前都要被調(diào)度，因此，CPU調(diào)度對(duì)于操作系統(tǒng)來說非常重要。
假如操作系統(tǒng)中存在若干進(jìn)程，這些進(jìn)程，將會(huì)被按照指定的調(diào)度方式，由CPU進(jìn)行調(diào)度。
本程序，用來模擬實(shí)現(xiàn)操作系統(tǒng)中的兩種調(diào)度方法，即：優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度和輪轉(zhuǎn)法調(diào)度。
下面對(duì)四種調(diào)度方法進(jìn)行描述
優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度（priority-scheduling algorithm）：在這種方式下，每一個(gè)進(jìn)程都有一個(gè)優(yōu)先權(quán)與其關(guān)聯(lián)，具有最高優(yōu)先權(quán)的進(jìn)程會(huì)被分配到CPU，具有相同優(yōu)先權(quán)的進(jìn)程按FCFS順序調(diào)度。
輪轉(zhuǎn)法（round-robin）：這種調(diào)度方式是專門為分時(shí)系統(tǒng)而設(shè)計(jì)的。它類似于FCFS調(diào)度，但是增加了搶占以在進(jìn)程是。定義一個(gè)較小時(shí)間單元，稱為時(shí)間量或時(shí)間片。時(shí)間片通常為10ms到100ms。為每個(gè)進(jìn)程分配不超過一個(gè)時(shí)間片間隔的CPU。
分析
根據(jù)描述確定解決方法。本程序利用VisualBasic.Net語言實(shí)現(xiàn)。首先定義一個(gè)進(jìn)程的類，包括進(jìn)程名、達(dá)到時(shí)間、服務(wù)時(shí)間、優(yōu)先權(quán)。再定義一個(gè)調(diào)度類，用以實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)度算法。
最后在主程序中，用戶可選擇兩種調(diào)度算法,確定問題的類型。

二、算法設(shè)計(jì)
主要設(shè)計(jì)思想
在主程序中，通過選擇結(jié)構(gòu)，調(diào)用兩種調(diào)度算法。
各種調(diào)度算法實(shí)現(xiàn)
首先建立一個(gè)進(jìn)程類, 然后建立一個(gè)調(diào)度類，通過這個(gè)類來執(zhí)行調(diào)度算法。再建立一個(gè)鏈表，用來存放這些進(jìn)程。
優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度：在優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度中，每產(chǎn)生一個(gè)進(jìn)程，程序會(huì)記錄進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先權(quán)，然后按產(chǎn)生的先后順序插入。當(dāng)當(dāng)前進(jìn)程結(jié)束時(shí)，程序從鏈表中取出一個(gè)優(yōu)先權(quán)最高的進(jìn)程執(zhí)行。
輪轉(zhuǎn)法調(diào)度：由用戶定義一個(gè)時(shí)間片。在每個(gè)時(shí)間片中，程序執(zhí)行一個(gè)進(jìn)程。當(dāng)時(shí)間片結(jié)束后，程序?qū)⒔Y(jié)束當(dāng)前執(zhí)行的進(jìn)程，從鏈表中調(diào)入下一個(gè)進(jìn)程，并將當(dāng)前執(zhí)行的進(jìn)程插入到鏈表尾部。整個(gè)鏈表相當(dāng)于一個(gè)循環(huán)隊(duì)列。

三、源代碼及說明
1優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度算法源代碼
    Dim a As Integer
    Dim b As Integer
    Dim c As Integer
    Dim d As Integer
    Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
        If Label7.Width < 200 Then
            Label7.Visible = True
            Label7.Width += 10

            Label17.Visible = True
            Label16.Visible = False
            Label18.Visible = False

        Else
            Label17.Visible = False
            Label18.Visible = False
            Label16.Visible = True
            a = 6

End If

If a < b And a < c And a < d Then

Timer1.Enabled = True

End If

If b < a And b < c And b < d Then

Timer2.Enabled = True

End If

If c < a And c < b And c < d Then

Timer3.Enabled = True

End If

If d < a And d < b And d < c Then

Timer4.Enabled = True

End If
End Sub

    Private Sub Timer2_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer2.Tick
        If Label8.Width < 200 Then
            Label8.Visible = True
            Label8.Width += 10

            Label20.Visible = True
            Label19.Visible = False
            Label21.Visible = False

        Else
            Label20.Visible = False
            Label21.Visible = False
            Label19.Visible = True
            b = 7

End If

If a < b And a < c And a < d Then

Timer1.Enabled = True

End If

If b < a And b < c And b < d Then

Timer2.Enabled = True

End If

If c < a And c < b And c < d Then

Timer3.Enabled = True

End If

If d < a And d < b And d < c Then

Timer4.Enabled = True

End If
End Sub

    Private Sub Timer3_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer3.Tick
        If Label9.Width < 200 Then
            Label9.Visible = True
            Label9.Width += 10

            Label23.Visible = True
            Label22.Visible = False
            Label24.Visible = False

        Else
            Label23.Visible = False
            Label24.Visible = False
            Label22.Visible = True
            c = 8

End If

If a < b And a < c And a < d Then

Timer1.Enabled = True

End If

If b < a And b < c And b < d Then

Timer2.Enabled = True

End If

If c < a And c < b And c < d Then

Timer3.Enabled = True

End If

If d < a And d < b And d < c Then

Timer4.Enabled = True

End If
End Sub

    Private Sub Timer4_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer4.Tick
        If Label10.Width < 200 Then
            Label10.Visible = True
            Label10.Width += 10

            Label26.Visible = True
            Label25.Visible = False
            Label27.Visible = False

        Else
            Label26.Visible = False
            Label27.Visible = False
            Label25.Visible = True
            d = 9

End If

If a < b And a < c And a < d Then

Timer1.Enabled = True

End If

If b < a And b < c And b < d Then

Timer2.Enabled = True

End If

If c < a And c < b And c < d Then

Timer3.Enabled =True

End If

If d < a And d < b And d < c Then

Timer4.Enabled = True

End If
End Sub

Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
Me.Close()

End Sub

    Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
        a = TextBox1.Text
        b = TextBox2.Text
        c = TextBox3.Text
        d = TextBox4.Text

If a < b And a < c And a < d Then

Timer1.Enabled = True

End If

If b < a And b < c And b < d Then

Timer2.Enabled = True

End If

If c < a And c < b And c < d Then

Timer3.Enabled = True

End If

If d < a And d < b And d < c Then

Timer4.Enabled = True

        End If
        TextBox1.Enabled = False
        TextBox2.Enabled = False
        TextBox3.Enabled = False
        TextBox4.Enabled = False

Button1.Enabled = False
Button2.Enabled = True

        Label18.Visible = True
        Label21.Visible = True
        Label24.Visible = True
        Label27.Visible = True
    End Sub
End Class

2輪轉(zhuǎn)法調(diào)度源代碼

            '
    Dim a As Integer
    Dim b As Integer
    Dim c As Integer
    Dim d As Integer
    Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
        Me.Close()

End Sub

Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click

        a = TextBox1.Text
        b = TextBox2.Text
        c = TextBox3.Text
        d = TextBox4.Text

        If a > 0 And b > 0 And c > 0 And d > 0 Then
            Timer1.Enabled() = True
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
        Dim i As Integer
        i = a - Label7.Width
        If i < 20 Then
            Label7.Width = Label7.Width + i

            Label18.Visible = False
            Label17.Visible = False
            Label16.Visible = True

            Timer1.Enabled = False
            Timer2.Enabled = True
        End If

If Label7.Width < a Then

Label7.Width = Label7.Width + 10

            Label18.Visible = True
            Label17.Visible = False
            Label16.Visible = False

            Timer1.Enabled = False
            Timer2.Enabled = True
        Else

            Label18.Visible = False
            Label17.Visible = False
            Label16.Visible = True

Timer1.Enabled = False
Timer2.Enabled = True

End If

        If Label8.Width >= b Then
            Label21.Visible = False
            Label20.Visible = False
            Label19.Visible = True
        Else
            Label21.Visible = False
            Label20.Visible = True
            Label19.Visible = False
        End If

        If Label7.Width < a And Label8.Width >= b And Label9.Width >= c And Label10.Width >= d Then
            Label18.Visible = False
            Label17.Visible = True
            Label16.Visible = False
        ElseIf Label29.Width = a Then
            Label18.Visible = False
            Label17.Visible = False
            Label16.Visible = True

End If

End Sub

    Private Sub Timer2_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer2.Tick
        Dim i As Integer
        i = b - Label8.Width
        If i < 20 Then
            Label8.Width += i

            Label21.Visible = False
            Label20.Visible = False
            Label19.Visible = True

            Timer2.Enabled = False
            Timer3.Enabled = True
        End If

If Label8.Width < b Then
Label8.Width += 10

            Label21.Visible = True
            Label20.Visible = False
            Label19.Visible = False

            Timer2.Enabled = False
            Timer3.Enabled = True
        Else
            Label21.Visible = False
            Label20.Visible = False
            Label19.Visible = True

            Timer2.Enabled = False
            Timer3.Enabled = True
        End If

        If Label9.Width >= c Then
            Label24.Visible = False
            Label23.Visible = False
            Label22.Visible = True
        Else
            Label24.Visible = False
            Label23.Visible = True
            Label22.Visible = False
        End If

        If Label8.Width < b And Label7.Width >= a And Label9.Width >= c And Label10.Width >= d Then
            Label21.Visible = False
            Label20.Visible = True
            Label19.Visible = False
        ElseIf Label8.Width = b Then
            Label21.Visible = False
            Label20.Visible = False
            Label19.Visible = True

End If
End Sub

    Private Sub Timer3_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer3.Tick
        Dim i As Integer
        i = c - Label9.Width
        If i < 20 Then
            Label9.Width += i

            Label24.Visible = False
            Label23.Visible = False
            Label22.Visible = True

            Timer3.Enabled = False
            Timer4.Enabled = True
        End If

If Label9.Width < c Then
Label9.Width += 10

            Label24.Visible = True
            Label23.Visible = False
            Label22.Visible = False

            Timer3.Enabled = False
            Timer4.Enabled = True
        Else
       &nbnbsp;     Label27.Visible = True
            Label26.Visible = False
            Label25.Visible = False

            Timer4.Enabled = False
            Timer1.Enabled = True
        Else
            Label27.Visible = False
            Label26.Visible = False
            Label25.Visible = True

            Timer4.Enabled = False
            Timer1.Enabled = True
        End If

        If Label7.Width >= a Then
            Label18.Visible = False
            Label17.Visible = False
            Label16.Visible = True
        Else
            Label18.Visible = False
            Label17.Visible = True
            Label16.Visible = False
        End If

        If Label10.Width < d And Label7.Width >= a And Label8.Width >= b And Label9.Width >= c Then
            Label27.Visible = False
            Label26.Visible = True
            Label25.Visible = False
        ElseIf Label10.Width = d Then
            Label27.Visible = False
            Label26.Visible = False
            Label25.Visible = True

End If
End Sub

Private Sub Form5_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load

End Sub
End Class

四、結(jié)果與討論
1優(yōu)先權(quán)調(diào)度算法結(jié)果圖
2 輪轉(zhuǎn)法的程序結(jié)果圖

5.結(jié)果分析：
經(jīng)選擇調(diào)度算法后，每種調(diào)度算法都能成功地執(zhí)行。所以，本次課程設(shè)計(jì)成功。五、參考文獻(xiàn)

1、《Windows操作系統(tǒng)原理》陳向群等著　機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社
2、《VisualBasic.Net程序設(shè)計(jì)》馮博琴崔舒寧著清華大學(xué)出版社
3、《操作系統(tǒng) 原理·技術(shù)與編程》蔣靜, 徐志偉著機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社

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操作系統(tǒng)課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告模擬進(jìn)程調(diào)度程序(一)