軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀分析及發(fā)展策略研究

  20世紀(jì)80年代以來，信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為發(fā)達國家乃至全球經(jīng)濟的戰(zhàn)略性基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)，成為各國綜合國力競爭的重要標(biāo)志。軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)作為信息技術(shù)的核心和靈魂，在新經(jīng)濟中扮演著核心產(chǎn)業(yè)的角色，成為世界各國爭奪科技制高點的關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域，直接關(guān)系國家政治、經(jīng)濟和社會的安全。
    發(fā)展軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)對優(yōu)化我國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、提高經(jīng)濟運行質(zhì)量具有極其重要的作用。2000年，國務(wù)院出臺第18號文《鼓勵軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)和集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展若干政策》和47號文《振興軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)行動綱要》中，明確提出要優(yōu)先發(fā)展軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)，“力爭到2010年我國軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)研究開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)能力達到或接近國際先進水平”。這些政策的出臺，極大地調(diào)動了各方面的積極性，我國的軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)因此步入了發(fā)展的快車道。
    作為長江三角洲地區(qū)的重要城市，上海有著得天獨厚的地理位置和發(fā)達的經(jīng)濟條件，以浦東軟件園為核心的上海的軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)近年來有很大的發(fā)展，形成了一定規(guī)模的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群。截至2005年上半年，上海軟件企業(yè)總數(shù)已達1400多家，涌現(xiàn)一批本土各具特色的軟件企業(yè)。上海市2006年軟件業(yè)收入616億元，居全國首位，從2001年開始連續(xù)5年保持50%以上的增長率，這在全國范圍內(nèi)是獨一無二的。
    本文以產(chǎn)業(yè)集群理論為基礎(chǔ)，利用了實證分析、理論分析、對比分析等方法，結(jié)合大量的數(shù)據(jù)、圖表，對上海軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀、存在問題及發(fā)展策略進行了研究。本論文界定了軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)涵，闡述了軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)不同于傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的特征、演進階段。并將上海與北京的軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)進行多方位的比較，對上海市軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)當(dāng)前發(fā)展中存在的制約因素進行透視和分析，提出了優(yōu)化軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)基地建設(shè)，推動區(qū)域軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)集群發(fā)展、抓好出口和國內(nèi)軟件市場，做大上海的軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)群、建立和拓展創(chuàng)新的人才培養(yǎng)體系、積極促進軟件質(zhì)量管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、國際化等發(fā)展策略。

ABSTRACT
Since the 1980's, information industry has become strategically fundamental in developed countries as well as in the global economy. It isnow an important symbol of the comprehensive national strength. As thekey and soul part of information technology, software industry takes anessential role in the new economy. It turns out to be the key of scientific and technology contests among different countries is tightly connected with national safety concerning politics, economy and society. In China, the development of software industry has an important impact on the optimization of industry configuration and improvement of economy operation of China. It is indicated in 2000 by Document #18 (Several Policies Encouraging Software Industry and IC Industry) and Document #47 (Compendium of Promoting Software Industry) of State Department that the software industry should had a high priority for development, and that "great efforts will be taken to make the R&D and productivity of our software industry reach or be close to the top level of the world." Those policies as a great encouragement thus lead to the
speed-up of the software industry in China.
    As an important metropolitan in the Yangtze Delta, Shanghai is advantageous in its geographic location and economic conditions. The software industry in Shanghai, with PuDong Software Park as its kernel,has made great progress in the recent years, and industry clusters form into being. In July 2005, there were more than 1400 software ventures in Shanghai, some of which were local ventures and had their particular characteristics. In 2006, the revenue of software industry in Shanghai reached 61.6 billion RMB and gained the top position in China, and maintained a stea increasing rate over 50% from 2001 to 2006, which was unique in China.
    This paper presents the status quo of software industry in Shanghai and the research work is based on the Industry Cluster theory. Different methods including demonstrational analysis, theoretical analysis and antitheses analysis are performed and lots of data and charts are used. In the paper, the essence of software industry is extracted and studied. The features and evolution of software industry which are quite different from those of traditional industries are presented. A comparison of the software industry in Shanghai and that in Beijing is made. The cause and current status of software industry cluster in Shanghai are analyzed, and the factors and key problems blocking the development are pointed out and studied intensively.

目錄
第一章緒論.................................................................. 1
第一節(jié)課題背景和意義..................................................3
一、研究背景...........................................................3
二、研究意義...........................................................4
第二節(jié)國內(nèi)外軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究現(xiàn)狀.............................................. 4
一、國外有關(guān)軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究現(xiàn)狀.........................................4
二、國內(nèi)有關(guān)軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究現(xiàn)狀.........................................5
第三節(jié)論文主要內(nèi)容及研究方法................................................ 8
第二章相關(guān)理論評述.......................................................... 9
第一節(jié)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群化現(xiàn)象及理論................................................. 10
一、產(chǎn)業(yè)集群現(xiàn)象......................................................10
二、產(chǎn)業(yè)集群理論......................................................11
第二節(jié)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群發(fā)展中的公共政策選擇......................................... 13
第三節(jié)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群化的演進階段................................................. 15
一、企業(yè)由分散的空問布局走向集中......................................15
二、集聚的企業(yè)在產(chǎn)業(yè)的層面上形成了分工和分包..........................15
第四節(jié)軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的界定與特性分析............................................. 16
一、軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的界定....................................................16
二、軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的特征....................................................17
第三章上海市軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀................................................... 19
第一節(jié)我國軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的總體情況........................................... 19
一、我國軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展階段............................................19
二、我國軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀......................... ...................20
第二節(jié)上海市軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)總體情況............................................... 21
一、上海軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的環(huán)境分析........................................21
二、上海軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀..................................................26
第四章上海軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)存在的主要問題........................................... 33
第一節(jié)上海日益高昂的商務(wù)成本、人民幣升值的影響............................. 33
第二節(jié)上海軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的規(guī)模困境............................................... 35
第三節(jié)上海的軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)處于全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低端，價值創(chuàng)造有限 ....................... 36
第五章上海軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展策略研究............................................. 38
第一節(jié)優(yōu)化軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)基地建設(shè)，推動區(qū)域軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)集群發(fā)展....................... 38
第二節(jié)抓好出口和國內(nèi)軟件市場，做大上海的軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)群......................... 39
第三節(jié)建立和拓展創(chuàng)新的人才培養(yǎng)體系......................................... 41
第四節(jié)積極促進軟件質(zhì)量管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、國際化................................... 42
第五節(jié)構(gòu)建和諧的法律環(huán)境，保護軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)........................... 43
參考文獻...........................................................44

 

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